Backend: The logic behind the interface.
The backend is the part of a product users never see directly: APIs, business rules, authentication, background work and real-time communication.
It sits between the interface and the data. Every form submitted, login attempted or record saved passes through it.
A sound backend keeps business rules and access rules in one place, and gives websites, apps and integrations a single system to talk to.
Node.js
A JavaScript runtime for running code on the server.
Frontend and backend can share one language, and it suits APIs and services that handle many requests at once.
Firebase
Google's application platform, providing managed services such as authentication, databases, hosting and serverless functions.
Managed building blocks reduce how much infrastructure has to be built and operated from scratch.
Supabase
An open-source backend platform built around PostgreSQL, with authentication, file storage and automatically generated APIs.
It combines a relational database with managed backend services.
Go
A compiled programming language designed for simple, efficient, concurrent services.
It is well suited to services where performance and predictable resource use matter.
Python
A general-purpose programming language with a large ecosystem for data processing, automation and AI.
Much of the tooling for AI and data work is built for Python first.
WebSockets
A protocol that keeps an open, two-way connection between a browser or app and the server.
The server can push an update the moment something changes, instead of the client repeatedly asking.
OpenAPI
A standard, machine-readable format for describing an API: its endpoints, inputs and outputs.
A written API contract keeps the frontend, the backend and third parties aligned.
Express & Hono
Lightweight web frameworks for building HTTP APIs in JavaScript and TypeScript. Express is long established; Hono is a newer framework designed to run on several runtimes, including edge platforms.
Minimal frameworks keep API code direct and easy to follow.